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Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

 


Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

 

The average age when a girl starts menstruating is between the age of 11 to 14 years of age. A normal menstrual cycle varies from 24 to 38 days approximately.  Any change from the above parameters, at any age, is called abnormal uterine bleeding and needs to be investigated.

What is abnormal uterine bleeding?

Any bleeding which occurs outside these parameters and is different from the normal cycle for a woman is considered abnormal e.g.

              Irregular, heavy, or intermenstrual bleeding in young girls

              Heavy bleeding during periods

              Bleeding after menopause

              Bleeding in between periods

              Bleeding after sexual intercourse

              Cycles shorter than 24 days and longer than 38 days approximately

              Irregular menstruation cycles

 

What can be the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding?

There can be several causes for the abnormal bleeding.

Pregnancy-related

              It can be the first sign of a miscarriage

              It may be due to an ectopic pregnancy in which the pregnancy starts to grow in the fallopian tube and has not reached the uterus. This can be dangerous and needs to be diagnosed early so that it can be managed without surgery other causes

 

Other causes

              In young girls, while the hormonal axis is maturing there may be abnormal patterns of bleeding

              Disturbances in ovulation and can lead to infertility

              Can be due to fibroids and polyps in the uterus

              Can be due to sexually transmitted disease

              Can be due to cancer of the uterus or the cervix

              Adenomyosis  and endometriosis can also cause abnormality in the cycles

              Problems with the birth control methods used

              Bleeding disorders may also lead to abnormal bleeding

              Associated conditions like thyroid disorders and diabetes and high blood pressure may also contribute to abnormal bleeding

              Using unsupervised medication for emergency contraception and other hormone tablets can lead to disruption of your normal cycles.

 

What should you do after abnormal uterine bleeding?

If you have any of the symptoms described above you should consult a gynaecologist and get a thorough check-up.

What will happen at the doctor’s visit?

Your gynaecologist will take a detailed history of your symptoms, your past cycles, your past medical history, and other details regarding your health.

After this, you will be advised to undergo certain tests.

What tests will be needed for abnormal uterine bleeding?

You will  require the following tests:

              Clinical Examination

              Blood tests

              Ultrasound scan

              Pap Smear

              May require a CT scan or MRI ( your doctor will guide you appropriately)

              Hysteroscopy – In this, a narrow scope with a light is inserted into the uterine cavity to diagnose the cause of the bleeding and it may be possible to treat it at the same time.

              An endometrial Biopsy will be taken. Sometimes it may be taken in the Outpatient also.

 

What is the treatment for Abnormal Uterine bleeding?

The treatment will depend upon the cause of abnormal bleeding.

        If the bleeding is caused by a pregnancy the management will depend upon the condition of the pregnancy and its site.

              You may require antibiotics if there is any infection.

              Hormonal tablets to regularise the cycles

              Medicines to stop your bleeding – haemostatics.

              Hormone-laden intrauterine contraceptive devices.

              Tablets to correct the thyroid dysfunction

              Dilation and curettage

              Ablation of the uterine lining

              Cervical cauterisation if needed

              Myomectomy

              Uterine artery embolization

              Removal of the uterus by laparoscopy or conventional method

 

Caution: Do not ignore any abnormal bleeding.

It may be the cause of a serious medical problem. It should be investigated and treated accordingly. On should not try self-medication.

Women do not have to suffer from abnormal bleeding no matter what the age. There is a treatment for all conditions.

 

Dr. Meenakshi Surve Pawar

MS (OBGYN), MBBS, DNB(OBGYN), FICS (UK), FPAI, FMAS

Sr. Consultant (Obstetrician and Gynecologist)

Aashirwad Clinic and Sonography Center

Website: www.aashirwadclinic.net

Contact: +91-7499357236

 

Address: Aashirwad Clinic and Sonography Center, Sham Heights, First Floor, Shop No. 103, Old Jakat Naka, Chinchwad, Pune - 411033

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